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这是一篇关于小学英语写作中需要注意不可数名词用法的作文:
"小学英语写作:不可数名词那些事儿"
同学们,大家好!当我们用英语表达自己的想法、描述事物时,会遇到各种各样的名词。名词是构成句子的重要部分,其中有一类叫做“不可数名词”(Uncountable Nouns)。它们在我们的英语写作中非常重要,但也常常让同学们感到困惑。今天,我们就来聊聊小学英语写作中,使用不可数名词时需要注意的几个关键事项。
"第一件大事:认识哪些是“不可数名词”"
首先,我们要知道什么是不可数名词。简单来说,不可数名词指的是那些我们通常不能用“一个”、“两个”等数字直接计数的物品或概念。它们往往是表示物质、材料、抽象概念等的词语。比如:
"物质名词 (Substances):" water (水), milk (牛奶), sugar (糖), rice (米饭), coffee (咖啡), air (空气), wood (木头), metal (金属) "抽象名词 (Abstract Ideas):" time (时间), money (钱), information (信息), advice (建议), happiness (幸福), fun (乐趣), knowledge (知识)
需要注意的是,有些名词看起来像东西,但通常是不可数名词,比如“chicken”(鸡肉)、“beef”(牛肉)、“ pork”(猪肉)等,我们通常不说 "a chicken", "two beefs"。
"第二件大事:不可数
a.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds ;读音:清辅音后读,浊辅音和元音后读。
b.以s. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches ;读音:。
c.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries ;读音:。
d.以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives ,thief-thieves;读音:。
e.以“o”结尾的词,分两种情况
1)有生命的+es 读音: 如:mango-mangoes tomato-tomatoes hero-heroes
2) 无生命的+s 读音: 如:photo-photos radio-radios
f. 不规则名词复数:
man-men, woman-women,
policeman-policemen,
policewoman-policewomen,
snowman-snowmen, mouse-mice,
child-children, foot-feet,
tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people。
除此之外,还有一部分名词单复数同形,如:
fish鱼,deer鹿,sheep绵羊,works(工厂),means手段,Swiss瑞士人,Chinese中国人,news 新闻,goods 商品
有一些名词则只有复数形式:
trousers裤子,pants裤子,shorts短裤 glasses眼镜,compasses圆规,scales天平,pliers钳子,clips剪子
“某国人”的复数有三种类型:
(1)Chinese, Japanese, Swiss 三国人单数复数同形,不需加s;
(2)Englishman, Frenchman, Dutchman复数要把 man 变为men;
(3)其他各国人以–an, -ian收尾的均直接加s。如:Americans, Australians, Indians等。
可依照这个口诀记忆:中日不变,英法变,其他”s”加后面。
不可数名词一般没有复数形式,只有单数形式,它的前面不能用不定冠词a / an ,若要表示它的个体意义时,一般需要将其量化。
a piece of bread( paper(纸), cloth(布), coal(煤), news(新闻), advice(意见), information(信息), , meat(肉) )
an item of information 一则情报
a slip of paper 一张纸条
a length of cloth 一段布料
a cake of soap 一块肥皂
a tube of tooth-paste 一条牙膏
a bottle of ink 一瓶墨水 等。
当量词可数,且前面的数词大于一时,量词需要用复数形式,
如two bottles of water 两瓶水 two pieces of paper 两张纸 等;
同时,可数名词也有相应用法,如:a box of apples 一箱苹果 six boxes of apples 六箱苹果 等。
最常见的不可数名词有:
advice, baggage, change(零钱), furniture(家具), hair, homework, information, knowledge, luggage(行李), money, news, progress, traffic
其它不可数名词还有:
absence, age, anger, courage, energy, equipment, experience, failure, fear, food, fun, health, ice, industry, kindness, labour, luck, marriage, music, nature, paper, peace, pleasure, power, pride, rain, research, respect, safety, salt, sand, silence, sleep, strength, snow, technology, time, trade, transport, travel, trust, truth, waste, water, wealth, weather, wind, world等。
上面提到的可数名词和不可数名词并不是一成不变的。英文中的很多词都是一词多义,名词也不例外,同是一个词在一种情况下是可数名词,而在另一种场合却是不可数名词,
如:可数名词:
a tin 一只罐头 a relation 亲属 an iron 一把熨斗 a democracy民主国家 a glass 一只玻璃杯 a beauty美人,美的东西 A wood 一片树林 a power
不可数名词:
tin 锡 relation 关系 Iron 铁 democracy民主 glass 玻璃 beauty 美 Wood 木头 power威力,电力。
注意:当名词充当主语时,谓语动词在人称、数等方面必须与其保持一致--即"主谓一致性"的问题。
Exercise:
一、写出下列名词的复数形式
1、orange 2、class
3、text 4、monkey
5、piano 6、child
7、shelf 8、bed
9、country 10、family
11、toy 12、foot
13、Japanese 14、radio
15、photo 16、army
17、tomato 18、fox
19、woman 20、knife
22、sheep
二、选择填空
1、There ()on the wall .
They are very beautiful.
A. are photoes B. are photos
C. is a photo D. is photos
2. This car ()made in Shanghai.
A. is B .are C .were D .has
3. There are four() and two() in the group.
A. Japanese, Germen
B Japaneses, Germen
C. Japanese,German
D.Japanese, Germans
4. That’s ()art book.
A. an B. a C. the D are
5. The boys have got() already.
A. two bread
B. two breads
C. two pieces of bread
D. two piece of bread
6. The old man wants() .
A. six boxes of apples
B. six boxes of apple
C. six box of apples
D. six boxs of apples
7. There ()some ()in the river.
A. is, fish B. are, fishs C. is, fishs D. are, fish
8. There ()two() in the box.
A. is watch B. are watches
C. are watch D. is watches
9. We should clean ()twice a day.
A .our tooth B. our tooths
C. teeth D. our teeth
10.The _____ meeting room is near the reading room.
A. teacher B.teacher’s
C.teachers’ D.teachers
11. In Britain _____ are all painted red.
A. letter boxes B.letters boxes
C. letter box D.letters box
12.There are_____ birds in that big tree.
A. hundreds of B. five hundreds of
C. five hundred of D. hundred of
今天,超童老师盘点的是小学英语不可数名词的知识点汇总,经常会有孩子在这个知识点上犯错、丢分……
在上干货之前,超童老师要先解释下什么是可数名词,什么是不可数名词。
下面就是超童老师整理的一些不可数名词的知识点,孩子们一定要掌握好。
小学阶段常见的不可数名词共计56个,最好也要熟记哦~
掌握以上知识点,可以将下面的练习题打印出来检测一下自己的掌握程度。
不可数名词部分练习题(难度A+)
1. The study of ( ) can be very interesting.
A. history B. histories
C. A history D. the history
2. They have removed ( ) of this house.
A. the furnitures B. furnitures
C. the furniture D. a furniture
3. They like to eat ( ) of the restaurant
A. fishes and beef B. fish and beef
C. fish and beefs D. fishes and beefs
4. Do you like ( )?
A. sport B. a sport
C. sports D. the sports
5.I’ve bought ( ).
A. new iron B. a new iron
C. the new iron D. iron
6. I had ( ) the other day.
A. strange experience B. the strange experience
C. a strange experence D. experience
7. ( ) is my hobby.
A. A painting B. The painting
C. Paintings D. Painting
8.You need ( ) scissors.
A. a piece of B. a cake of
C. a pair of D. a sheef of
9. We think he has a very happy ( ).
A. family B. failies
C. house D. houses.
10. There is too much ( ).
A. talk B. a talk
C. talks D. the talk
11. Your daughter is quite ( )
A. beauty B. the beauty
C. beauties D. a beauty
12. The book contains ( ) useful ( ).
A. a , information
B. many , information
C. much , information
D. much, informations
13. What she lacks is ( ).
A. experiences B. a experience
C. an experience D. experience
14. ( ) and ( ), please.
A. Two teas , four coffee
B. Two tea , four coffee
C. Two teas, four coffees
D. Two tea, four coffees
15. ( ) is expensive these days.
A. The beer B. A beer
C. Beer D. Beers
16. Nowadays , ( ) of English is very important to a person.
A. good knowledge
B. a good knowledge
C. the good knowledge
17.The whole class often ( )the old do some cleaning.
A. help B. require
C. helps D. requires
18. ( ) grazing on the meadow.
A. The cattle was
B. The cattles were
C. The cattle were
D. A cattle was
19. Toward evening, ( ) came, which made things even worse.
A. cold rain
B. the cold rain
C. a cold rain
20. Some ( ) were seen loafing in the street.
A. youth B. few youth
C. more youth D. youths
参考答案与解释
1.历史研究也能十分有趣。History是不可数名词,所以不能选B/C,不是特指,不能选D,所以此题应选A
2.他们已经将这幢房子里的家具搬走了。Furniture家具,是不可数名词,所以不能选A/B/D
此题应选C
3.他们喜欢吃这家餐馆的鱼和牛肉。鱼和牛肉是不可数名词,所以不选A/C/D,应选B
4.你喜欢运动吗?sport通常加S,表示“体育运动”,不需要加冠词,所以选C。
5.我买了一个新熨斗。Iron熨斗,是可数名词,前面要加表示数量的词,所以不选A/D这里也不是特指,所以不选C,此题应选B
6.那天,我有一次奇怪的经历。Experience经历,是可数名数,可以说一次经历或二次、三次经历,所以是可数名词。可数名词前面可以加表示数量的词,所以选C
7.我平日爱好画画。Paint是及物动词,动词做主语,要加ing变成动名词,所以选D
8.你需要一把剪刀。剪刀是复数概念,a piece of一张,a cake of一块A pair of一双,A sheet of一片。所以要选C.
9.我们认为他有一个非常幸福的家庭。Family意为家庭,house只是表示人住的地方。这句中用house意思不对,所以不能选C/D,此题中的family,表示一个家庭,是单数所以选A.
10.空谈太多。Much是修饰不可数名词,同时,talk空谈的意思,也是不可数名词,不可数名词无复数形式,所以不能选B/C,不是特指,所以不选D.此题应选A
11.你的女儿是一个美人。Beauty是beautiful的名词形式,是可数名词,可数名词要加一个表示数量的词,所以不能选A/B,前面用的is说明是单数,不选C。此题应选D
12.这本书包括许多有用的信息。信息是不可数名词,所以不选A,many是修饰可数名词,所以不选B,不可数名词没有复数形式,所以不选D.此题应选C
13.她多么缺少经验啊!Experience经验是不可数名词,没有复数形式,前面不加表示数量的词,所以不能选A/B/C,此题应选D
14.二杯茶,四杯咖啡,谢谢!茶和咖啡作为单独的词用时,是不可数名词,不能加s,但是用作几杯时,就是可数名词了,作为可数名词,表示几杯时,要加s.所以选C
15.啤酒这几天涨价了。句中的系动词用的是is,说明前面是单数,而啤酒同时也是不可数名词,没有复数形式,不能加s,不是特指,所以此题应选C
16.现今,较好的了解英语知识对一个人来说是很重要的。此题将时间提前,叫时间壮语前置,真正的主语在后面,a good knowledge of English,表示非特指的“一种”,所以此题应选B
17.全体同学常常去帮助老人做一些清洁工作。句中有often说明是一般现在时,一般现在时的肯定句是主语+动词原形/动词原形+(s).此题中,require是命令,要求的意思,与题意不符,所以不选B/D,主语是第三人称,但不是单数,所以谓语动词不能加s,不能选C。所以此题应选A
18.牛在牧场吃草。Cattle牛、家畜,是可数名词,单数可数名词前加定冠词the表示一类人或事物。所以应选A
19.到了晚上,天下起冷雨,做这些事情就更糟了。此题与16题差不多,时间状语前置,后面主语前加不定冠词a,表示非特指。应选C
20.一些年青人看到街道上有面包。Some后面跟可数名词,要加s,所以不选A, few是几乎没有的意思,与some意思相反,故不选B. more用于比较级中,此题没有比较的含义,故不选C.所以此题应选D
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